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Compare Seychelles (2001) - El Salvador (2002)
Compare Seychelles (2001) z El Salvador (2002)
| Seychelles (2001) | El Salvador (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka | 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
28.27% (male 11,367; female 11,167) 15-64 years: 65.47% (male 25,453; female 26,737) 65 years and over: 6.26% (male 1,673; female 3,318) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 37.4% (male 1,211,156; female 1,162,317)
15-64 years: 57.5% (male 1,735,744; female 1,922,395) 65 years and over: 5.1% (male 144,864; female 177,205) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish | coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products |
| Airports | 14 (2000 est.) | 83 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
6 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total: 4
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
8 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2000 est.) |
total: 78
914 to 1,523 m: 17 under 914 m: 61 (2002) |
| Area | total:
455 sq km land: 455 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 21,040 sq km
land: 20,720 sq km water: 320 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Massachusetts |
| Background | A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. | El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms. |
| Birth rate | 17.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 28.3 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$249 million expenditures: $262 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.) |
revenues: $2.1 billion
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) (2001 est.) |
| Capital | Victoria | San Salvador |
| Climate | tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May) | tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands |
| Coastline | 491 km | 307 km |
| Constitution | 18 June 1993 | 23 December 1983 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Republic of Seychelles conventional short form: Seychelles |
conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador
conventional short form: El Salvador local long form: Republica de El Salvador local short form: El Salvador |
| Currency | Seychelles rupee (SCR) | Salvadoran colon (SVC); US dollar (USD) |
| Death rate | 6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $240 million (1999 est.) | $4.9 billion (2001 est.) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to Seychelles | chief of mission: Ambassador Rose M. LIKINS
embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Urbanizacion Santa Elena, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023 telephone: [503] 278-4444 FAX: [503] 278-6011 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785 FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez
chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671 consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and San Francisco |
| Disputes - international | claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory) | El Salvador claims tiny Conejo Island off Honduras in the Golfo de Fonseca; many of the "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary remain undemarcated despite ICJ adjudication in 1992; with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua likely would be required |
| Economic aid - recipient | $16.4 million (1995) | total $252 million; $57 million from US (1999 est.) |
| Economy - overview | Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The vulnerability of the tourist sector was illustrated by the sharp drop in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war. Although the industry has rebounded, the government recognizes the continuing need for upgrading the sector in the face of stiff international competition. Other issues facing the government are the curbing of the budget deficit and further privatization of public enterprises. Growth slowed in 1998-2000, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors. Tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have hindered short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles ruppee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector should remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar. | El Salvador is a struggling Central American economy which has been suffering from a weak tax collection system, factory closings, the aftermaths of Hurricane Mitch of 1998 and the devastating earthquakes of early 2001, and weak world coffee prices. On the bright side, in recent years inflation has fallen to single digit levels, and total exports have grown substantially. The trade deficit has been offset by remittances (an estimated $1.6 billion in 2000) from Salvadorans living abroad and by external aid. As of 1 January 2001, the US dollar was made legal tender alongside the colon. Growth in 2002 will depend largely on the speed of recovery in the US. |
| Electricity - consumption | 148.8 million kWh (1999) | 4.07 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 112 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 750 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 160 million kWh (1999) | 3.69 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 42%
hydro: 36% nuclear: 0% other: 22% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m |
| Environment - current issues | water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater | deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Seychellois (mixture of Asians, Africans, Europeans) | mestizo 90%, Amerindian 1%, white 9% |
| Exchange rates | Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 6.0397 (November 2000), 5.6009 (2000), 5,3426 (1999), 5.2622 (1998), 5.0263 (1997), 4.9700 (1996) | Salvadoran colones per US dollar - 8.750 (fixed since January 2001), 8.755 (fixed rate since 1993)
note: since January 2001 the US dollar has also become legal tender; the exchange rate has been fixed at 8.75 colones per US dollar |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 20-22 March 1998 (next to be held by NA 2003) election results: France Albert RENE reelected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 66.7%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 19.5%, Sir James MANCHAM (DP) 13.8% |
chief of state: President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004) election results: Francisco FLORES Perez elected president; percent of vote - Francisco FLORES (ARENA) 52%, Facundo GUARDADO (FMLN) 29%, Ruben ZAMORA (CD) 7.5%, other (no individual above 3%) 11.5% |
| Exports | $111 million (f.o.b., 1999) | $2.9 billion (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports) | offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity |
| Exports - partners | France, UK, Netherlands, Italy, China, Germany, Japan | US 65%, Guatemala 11%, Honduras 8%, EU 5% (2000) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side | three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $610 million (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $28.4 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
3.1% industry: 26.3% services: 70.6% (1999) |
agriculture: 10%
industry: 30% services: 60% (2000) (2000) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $7,700 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $4,600 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 1.5% (2000 est.) | 1.4% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 4 35 S, 55 40 E | 13 50 N, 88 55 W |
| Geography - note | 40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands | smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea |
| Heliports | - | 1 (2002) |
| Highways | total:
373 km paved: 315 km unpaved: 58 km (1997) |
total: 10,029 km
paved: 1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways) unpaved: 8,043 km (1997) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: 1%
highest 10%: 39% (2001) (2001) |
| Illicit drugs | - | transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic cocaine abuse on the rise |
| Imports | $440 million (c.i.f., 1999) | $5 billion (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals | raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity |
| Imports - partners | South Africa, UK, China, Singapore, France, Italy | US 50%, Guatemala 10%, EU 7%, Mexico 5%, (2000) |
| Independence | 29 June 1976 (from UK) | 15 September 1821 (from Spain) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 3% (2001 est.) |
| Industries | fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages | food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals |
| Infant mortality rate | 17.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 27.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 6% (1999 est.) | 3.8% (2001 est.) |
| International organization participation | ACCT, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) | BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 4 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 360 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president | Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly) |
| Labor force | 30,900 (1996) | 2.35 million (1999) (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | industry 19%, services 71%, agriculture 10% (1989) | agriculture 30%, industry 15%, services 55% (1999 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 545 km
border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km |
| Land use | arable land:
2% permanent crops: 13% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 11% other: 74% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 27.27%
permanent crops: 12.11% other: 60.62% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English (official), French (official), Creole | Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians) |
| Legal system | based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law | based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least ten percent of the vote; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 20-22 March 1998 (next to be held by NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 61.7%, UO 26.1%, DP 12.1%; seats by party - SPPF 30, UO 3, DP 1 note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the share of each party in the total vote |
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FMLN 31, ARENA 27, PCN 16, PDC 5, CD 5 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
70.69 years male: 65.17 years female: 76.37 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 70.32 years
male: 66.72 years female: 74.11 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58% male: 56% female: 60% (1971 est.) |
definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 71.5% male: 73.5% female: 69.8% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar | Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras |
| Map references | Africa | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 200 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,353 GRT/7,638 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military branches | Army, Coast Guard, air wing, National Guard, Presidential Protection Unit, Police Force | Army, Navy (FNES), Air Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $13 million (FY93) | $112 million (FY99) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 2.8% (FY93) | 0.7% (FY99) |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
22,951 (2001 est.) |
males age 15-49: 1,500,712 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
11,452 (2001 est.) |
males age 15-49: 951,715 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 68,103 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 18 June (1993) | Independence Day, 15 September (1821) |
| Nationality | noun:
Seychellois (singular and plural) adjective: Seychelles |
noun: Salvadoran(s)
adjective: Salvadoran |
| Natural hazards | lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible | known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes |
| Natural resources | fish, copra, cinnamon trees | hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land |
| Net migration rate | -6.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | -3.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE] - the governing party | Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic Convergence or CD [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general] (includes Social Democratic Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO, leader); Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Roman Catholic Church; trade unions | labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI |
| Population | 79,715 (July 2001 est.) | 6,353,681 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 48% (1999 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.49% (2001 est.) | 1.83% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Victoria | Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 2 (1998) | AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 42,000 (1997) | 2.75 million (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | total: 562 km
narrow gauge: 562 km 0.914-m gauge note: length of operational route is reduced to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2001 est.) |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 90%, Anglican 8%, other 2% | Roman Catholic 83%
note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.5 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 17 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
effective system domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago international: direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
general assessment: NA
domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 19,635 (1997) | 380,000 (1998) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 16,316 (1999) | 40,163 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997) | 5 (1997) |
| Terrain | Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs | mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 1.83 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 3.29 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 10% (2001 est.) |
| Waterways | none | Rio Lempa partially navigable |
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